CENER provides PAN files for photovoltaic modules

CENER has developed specific procedures and performs the necessary tests for the generation and optimization of PAN files for photovoltaic modules. These files are essential for the accurate integration of module models into photovoltaic solar plant design software.

Currently, photovoltaic plant design is widely carried out in the industry using specialized software that allows simulation of electrical energy production throughout the operational lifetime of the installation. These simulations consider the performance of key components (photovoltaic modules, inverters, and support structures), as well as losses and degradation that occur during operation.

Among all the elements, the photovoltaic module stands out as one of the most decisive factors in the overall efficiency of the system. Its proper selection is crucial for optimized design and accurate estimation of electricity generation. For this reason, photovoltaic project developers aim to parameterize module performance with the highest possible reliability.

One of the most widely used software tools in the sector is PVsyst, a highly recognized and “bankable” tool for technical and financial studies of solar projects. This software requires specific files for each component to simulate plant behaviour. In the case of photovoltaic modules, the relevant information is compiled in the PAN file, which is well-known among professionals in the field.

The PAN file contains a series of key technical data for the photovoltaic module, such as:

• Electrical parameters: short-circuit current (Isc), open-circuit voltage (Voc), current and voltage at maximum power point (Impp, Vmpp).
• Physical characteristics: dimensions, weight, etc.
• Thermal behaviour: temperature coefficients for voltage, current, and power.
• Optical and electrical losses associated with the component, such as the IAM (Incidence Angle Modifier) factor, among others.

CENER’s Photovoltaic Components Testing Laboratory has over 20 years of experience and is accredited by ENAC to perform tests in accordance with major industry standards, including IEC 61215 and IEC 61730. In response to increasing industry demand, CENER has implemented a specific operating procedure and has the most advanced technical equipment available to generate PAN files for photovoltaic modules of all technologies currently on the market.

Thanks to the incorporation of a next-generation solar simulator, CENER efficiently offers this service by performing the following tests:

• Measurement of maximum power under different irradiance levels (from 100 W/m² to 1,100 W/m²) and temperatures (15°C, 25°C, 50°C, 75°C). Known as the irradiance-temperature (G-T) matrix, this test is based on IEC 61853-1. It is especially useful for understanding how a module behaves in diverse climates where solar radiation and temperature can change rapidly. It also helps identify non-linear or unexpected behaviours in certain technologies, such as bifacial, PERC, or HJT, which may respond differently to heat and low sunlight conditions.
• Determination of temperature coefficients for voltage, current, and power. This procedure is also based on IEC 61853-1. Accurately determining these coefficients is key for precisely estimating the energy output of a photovoltaic system under real-world conditions, which often differ from standard static laboratory conditions. Incorrect measurement of these values can lead to errors in system design, simulation, and performance prediction, potentially affecting the financial evaluation of the project.
• Evaluation of the IAM (Incidence Angle Modifier) factor. IAM is a factor that determines the performance loss of a photovoltaic module when sunlight hits it at angles other than perpendicular. In real conditions, this occurs during much of the day, especially in the morning and evening, or in installations with fixed structures. This test is based on IEC 61853-1 and considers aspects such as the type of glass, anti-reflective treatment, or encapsulation structure.

With this service, CENER provides manufacturers, developers, engineering firms and asset managers with a key tool for rigorous design and accurate performance assessment of photovoltaic installations.

For more information, interested parties can contact CENER (https://www.cener.com) via email at business@cener.com.